请教美国的养老保险 Thread poster: Ellen Xu
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Ellen Xu
United States
Local time: 21:32
English to Chinese
作为自由职业者，难免对未来有所担心，尤其是将来的养老问题。以前在国内，翻译只是业余，单位给交养老保险，所以从来没有考虑过这个问题。现在人在美国，开始全职做自由职业，每一分钱都是自己辛苦敲字所得，不由开始担心老来如何解决养老问题。
我目前能想到的是：1. 我先生工作单位养老保险比较好，可以每月满额交付。2. 每年缴税，将来social security那里应该有点。3.把儿子培养得孝顺点。:))
想请教在美国的同行，你们都是如何解决将来的养老问题？有没有什么好的养老保险可以推荐？
| | | | redred 
China
Local time: 09:32
English to Chinese
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真以为啊，尽管国家强制规定，国内许多单位都没买。在美国“辛苦敲字所得”（在国内“轻松敲字所得”？），那怎么有不用工作也有救济金？
| | | | Ellen Xu
United States
Local time: 21:32
English to Chinese
TOPIC STARTER
我只是说我个人情况。当初我所在的单位是给买养老保险的，我没有说所有公司都给员工买保险。
我也并没有说国内做翻译“就是轻松所得”。在哪里都是辛辛苦苦一个字一个字往上敲。我当初在国内是以翻译为兼职，而现在是以翻译为全职，心理感受有些不一样，可能更缺乏安全感一些。
个人救济之类，我不是美国公民，不知道能否享有这个待遇。
未雨绸缪，人之常情。 只是希望能从各位同行前辈那里得到一些有用的信息，如此而已。
谢谢
| | | | Artairmd (X)
English to Japanese
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| re 请教美国的养老保险 | Oct 13, 2010 |
可以自己买养老保险之类的险种的
你们将来不打算回中国了么？
如果回中国的话，是不是你和你先生也在中国交一份养老保险呢？
到时候人民币和美元1：1的时候也是份不错的保障
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Ellen Xu
United States
Local time: 21:32
English to Chinese
TOPIC STARTER
短期可能不回来，因为孩子在这边上学。不过等孩子上大学后，我还是想回中国，毕竟父母亲人朋友都在那边。在国内单位给交过几年养老保险，说以后要回来可以续交。不过我不知道我现在人在国外，能不能交？我记得出国的时候是要求注销户口的。
还有就是国内保险业感觉不是很成熟，政策变化大。我老家有段时间。只要能开证明曾在学校之类单位短暂工�... See more 短期可能不回来，因为孩子在这边上学。不过等孩子上大学后，我还是想回中国，毕竟父母亲人朋友都在那边。在国内单位给交过几年养老保险，说以后要回来可以续交。不过我不知道我现在人在国外，能不能交？我记得出国的时候是要求注销户口的。
还有就是国内保险业感觉不是很成熟，政策变化大。我老家有段时间。只要能开证明曾在学校之类单位短暂工作过，一次性交１万多，就能买养老保险，６０岁后每月领多少。过了没多久，就涨成两万多。再后来又在叫停。网上看到好像各地也有类似政策，交钱金额差别很大，政策也一天三变。
Artairmd wrote:
可以自己买养老保险之类的险种的
你们将来不打算回中国了么？
如果回中国的话，是不是你和你先生也在中国交一份养老保险呢？
到时候人民币和美元1：1的时候也是份不错的保障
▲ Collapse
| | | | Lin Yang
United States
Local time: 18:32
English to Chinese
+ ...
| 你可以开个SEP-IRA账户 | Oct 13, 2010 |
Ellen Xu wrote:
作为自由职业者，难免对未来有所担心，尤其是将来的养老问题。以前在国内，翻译只是业余，单位给交养老保险，所以从来没有考虑过这个问题。现在人在美国，开始全职做自由职业，每一分钱都是自己辛苦敲字所得，不由开始担心老来如何解决养老问题。
我目前能想到的是：1. 我先生工作单位养老保险比较好，可以每月满额交付。2. 每年缴税，将来social security那里应该有点。3.把儿子培养得孝顺点。:))
想请教在美国的同行，你们都是如何解决将来的养老问题？有没有什么好的养老保险可以推荐？
找家证券商，每年可以存入经营收入扣除社安费用后余额的20%，这20%不用交所得税。
| | | | jyuan_us
United States
Local time: 21:32
Member (2005)
English to Chinese
+ ...
只要配偶有过40个季点的报税，退休后就会收到SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME，每月一张支票。如果真的到65才退休，估计一个月能领2000多呢，够了。
| | | | jyuan_us
United States
Local time: 21:32
Member (2005)
English to Chinese
+ ...
| IRA或ROTH IRA的主要目的是省税或延税 | Oct 14, 2010 |
获得税务上的好处，等于就是赚钱了，主要目的还不是为了养老。
你也可以考虑买人寿保险，但是那些都是拿你的钱去给他们自己赚钱，说起来好听，但你存入的钱的收益会很少，因为大头被保险公司拿走了，这会令人非常不爽。
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Ellen Xu
United States
Local time: 21:32
English to Chinese
TOPIC STARTER
我自己也在报税，将来应该也有social security income 吧。不过估计很少。
最近咨询了一个做金融证券方面的朋友，给我的建议是美元换人民币，人民币买股票。:)
jyuan_us wrote:
只要配偶有过40个季点的报税，退休后就会收到SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME，每月一张支票。如果真的到65才退休，估计一个月能领2000多呢，够了。
| | | | Alvin Liu
China
Local time: 09:32
Member (2007)
English to Chinese
+ ...
Ellen Xu wrote:
我自己也在报税，将来应该也有social security income 吧。不过估计很少。
最近咨询了一个做金融证券方面的朋友，给我的建议是美元换人民币，人民币买股票。:)
jyuan_us wrote:
只要配偶有过40个季点的报税，退休后就会收到SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME，每月一张支票。如果真的到65才退休，估计一个月能领2000多呢，够了。
似乎中国股市不是个长期投资的安全方法吧。这几年，从6000多点到现在2800点，难道再等几年会升回6000吗？如果你买股票了，估计更没安全感了。
| | | | ysun
United States
Local time: 20:32
English to Chinese
+ ...
| Social Security benefits | Dec 24, 2010 |
Ellen Xu wrote:
我自己也在报税，将来应该也有social security income 吧。不过估计很少。
If you have earned 40 credits, you can start receiving Social Security benefits at 62. If you decide to start receiving Social Security benefits later (e.g., at your full retirement age 66 or even later), the benefits will be increased gradually (8% each year).
For more information, see the link below:
http://www.socialsecurity.gov/includes/topiclist.htm
Ellen Xu wrote:
个人救济之类，我不是美国公民，不知道能否享有这个待遇。
No. You must be a U.S. citizen to receive such a benefit.
| | | | wherestip
United States
Local time: 20:32
Chinese to English
+ ...
| The Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) | Dec 24, 2010 |
ysun wrote:
Social Security benefits
Ellen Xu wrote:
我自己也在报税，将来应该也有social security income 吧。不过估计很少。
If you have earned 40 credits, you can start receiving Social Security benefits at 62. If you decide to start receiving Social Security benefits later (e.g., at your full retirement age 66 or even later), the benefits will be increased gradually (8% each year).
For more information, see the link below:
http://www.socialsecurity.gov/includes/topiclist.htm
Indeed. For a person in your situation, you could either pay into the system yourself, or rely on your husband's FICA withholdings at his workplace.
An important thing to be aware of is: FICA-MED and FICA-OASDI are different taxes than federal income tax. For those whom are self employed, these taxes are referred to as "self-employment tax". One has to pay into the system for at least 10 years to earn the 40 credits Yueyin mentioned. Those employed by others don't have to worry about it, 'cause the employer takes care of the withholding.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Security_(United_States)
The Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) (codified in the Internal Revenue Code) imposes a Social Security withholding tax equal to 6.20% of the gross wage amount, up to but not exceeding the Social Security Wage Base ($97,500 for 2007; $102,000 for 2008; and $106,800 for 2009, 2010, and 2011). The same 6.20% tax is imposed on employers. For each calendar year for which the worker is assessed the FICA contribution, the SSA credits those wages as that year's covered wages. The income cutoff is adjusted yearly for inflation and other factors.
A separate payroll tax of 1.45% of an employee's income is paid directly by the employer, and an additional 1.45% deducted from the employee's paycheck, yielding a total tax rate of 2.90%. There is no maximum limit on this portion of the tax. This portion of the tax is used to fund the Medicare program, which is primarily responsible for providing health benefits to retirees.
The combined tax rate of these two federal programs is 15.30% (7.65% paid by the employee and 7.65% paid by the employer).
For self-employed workers (who technically are not employees and are deemed not to be earning "wages" for Federal tax purposes), the self-employment tax, imposed by the Self-Employment Contributions Act of 1954, codified as Chapter 2 of Subtitle A of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. § 1401–1403, is 15.3% of "net earnings from self-employment."[92] In essence, a self-employed individual pays both the employee and employer share of the tax, although half of the self-employment tax (the "employer share") is deductible when calculating the individual's federal income tax.[93][94]
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wherestip
United States
Local time: 20:32
Chinese to English
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| An Intergenerational Compact | May 28, 2011 |
昨天偶然看到这篇文章， 是关于美国 Social Security tax 的。 许多人对此概念不很清楚， 因此不妨再谈几句。
简单地说，美国社会保障制度是一种上下代之间形成的的社会契约，福利 (benefits) 并不属于任何救济(there is no means test, 即不分贫富)，更不是凭空从天上掉下来而白给白拿的。一般人青壮年时期起码得要工作十年才有享受福利的权益，此外一生工作从始至终是要... See more 昨天偶然看到这篇文章， 是关于美国 Social Security tax 的。 许多人对此概念不很清楚， 因此不妨再谈几句。
简单地说，美国社会保障制度是一种上下代之间形成的的社会契约，福利 (benefits) 并不属于任何救济(there is no means test, 即不分贫富)，更不是凭空从天上掉下来而白给白拿的。一般人青壮年时期起码得要工作十年才有享受福利的权益，此外一生工作从始至终是要按年收入的一定百分比 缴纳 Social Security tax 的（目前法律规定为 12.4%，但 2011 年暂时降为 10.4%）。 每个公民每年收入以及每年缴纳的 Social Security tax 联邦政府都有准确的记录。 如此， 每个人到达退休年龄后所应享有的福利可以根据缴税历史按一定的公式计算。
http://finance.yahoo.com/retirement/article/112809/higher-social-security-taxes-smartmoney
by Bill Bischoff
Friday, May 27, 2011
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As an employee, your wages are hit with the 12.4% Social Security tax up to the annual wage ceiling. Half the Social Security tax bill (equal to 6.2%) is withheld from your paychecks. The other half is paid by your employer. Unless you understand how the tax works and closely examine your pay stubs, you may be blissfully unaware of how much the Social Security tax actually costs.
The Social Security tax wage ceiling for both 2010 and 2011 is $106,800. If you made that much or more last year, the Social Security tax hit on your 2010 wages was a whopping $13,243 (12.4% x $106,800). Half came out of your paycheck. Your employer paid the other half.
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While many employees may not realize the magnitude of the Social Security tax, self-employed folks know it all too well. That's because the self-employed must pay the entire 12.4% tax rate out of their own pockets, based on the amount of their net self-employment income. This is one big reason why companies often prefer to treat workers as self-employed independent contractors rather than employees. Companies don't owe any Social Security tax on amounts paid to independent contractors.
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To give you an idea of how the Social Security tax can add up over your working life, consider my personal situation. In 35 years behind the grindstone (about half as an employee and the other half self-employed), I've paid $219,000 in Social Security tax. My employers paid another $41,000. That amounts to $260,000 in total. During my time as a self-employed guy, I've had some years where my Social Tax bill exceeded my combined federal and state income tax bills.
Believe me, if I could get the $260,000 back, stop paying the tax, and forego receiving any benefits, I would do it in a heartbeat. In fact, if I could just stop paying the tax in exchange for walking away from any future benefits, I would do that too. Why? Because I have big doubts I will actually receive the promised level of benefits when the time comes.
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Actually, there is a benefits calculator on the U.S. Social Security Administration's website that can be used to estimate one's Social Security retirement benefits. All that's required is one's SS#, and some basic personal information ...
http://www.ssa.gov/estimator/
[Edited at 2011-05-29 11:40 GMT] ▲ Collapse
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